Abstract: In order to minimize post-earthquake residual structural deformation, to enhance seismic self-centering ability of bridge structures and to promote the continuous service condition with limited repair or even without retrofit, a series of new concepts of self-centering bridge pier joints has been presented. Based on a typical self-centering bridge pier joint structure, some mechanical factors including the flexural strength, hysteretic characteristics, working characters and control parameters have been derived and analyzed. The proposed joint that constrains the minimum potential position of the system, can help the structure reset. The paper shows that the unambiguous mechanical system of self-centering bridge pier joint has little post-earthquake residual deformation, prevents the elastic strength from weakening and holds the flexibility for construction, which can better satisfy more rigorous seismic requirements for next generation bridge system.