Abstract: The combined steel-lead damper (CSLD) with the merits of a simple principle,a simple production process and an economic performance can take the advantages of steel and lead so as to absorb energy from earthquakes. The optimization design of I-section combined steel-lead dampers in a structure control system is studied. A civil engineering vibration control Benchmark structure simulation model is established,and the parameter of the ratio of a damper-yield force to an inter-story yield-shear force is introduced to analyze vibration reduction effect. The calculated results show that the system has the best effect when the ratio is 5%. According to the optimization design method,the structure control system of a steel frame model is designed and conducted in a shaking table test,and the test result indicates that the combined steel-lead damper control system has an excellent vibration reduction effect,and it verifies the reasonability of the optimization method.