Abstract: Energy pile is a kind of composite structure with heat exchangers installed in the pile, which has the dual functions of structural bearing and heat exchange and has been studied extensively in recent years. However, structural design theories accounting for the thermo-mechanical coupled effects of energy piles are not mature. Based on the pile-soil elasticity, a simplified analysis method for the thermo-mechanical coupled behavior of single energy-pile foundation is established. The nonlinear stiffness and thermal effects of soil are considered, and the proposed model is validated by comparing the model results with the field measured data of energy piles. It is shown that, under thermo-mechanical coupled conditions, the settlement and axial force distribution of energy piles are affected by pile/soil elastic modulus, pile/soil thermal expansion coefficient, and pile-top constraint stiffness. Therefore, in the design and operation of energy piles, the parameters of pile and soil should be considered comprehensively to predict their thermo-mechanical responses, so as to effectively control the thermal stress caused by temperature changes and improve the long-term stability and safety of the energy pile system.