Abstract: Existing research lacks a systematic understanding of the mechanisms governing energy input and dissipation in floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) under extreme typhoon-wave-current coupled conditions. Numerical tank tests were designed and conducted using the FAST-AQWA integrated coupling method to analyze the vibration characteristic and energy distribution of wind, waves, currents, and their interactions during Typhoon Muifa. The study revealed the energy transfer mechanisms between FOWTs and environmental loads. Results show that wind, waves, and currents contribute 53.4%, 75.0%, and 12.2% of the total energy, respectively; Wind and current loads dominate potential energy input, whereas wave load dominates kinetic energy input.