基于双轴陀螺稳定器的大跨桥梁颤振主动抑制及其时域计算方法研究

STUDY ON ACTIVE FLUTTER SUPPRESSION OF LONG-SPAN BRIDGES BASED ON A DUAL-AXIS GYROSCOPIC STABILIZER AND ITS TIME-DOMAIN COMPUTATIONAL METHOD

  • 摘要: 桥梁颤振稳定性是大跨度桥梁抗风性能的关键指标,也是特大跨桥梁设计与建造的重要技术挑战之一。该研究受海洋工程启发,研究了利用旋转陀螺抗倾覆和自稳定的特性抑制桥梁颤振,并提出了桥梁—陀螺耦合系统的时域分析方法。以大带东桥为工程背景,研究基于三维坐标系推导了双轴陀螺稳定器在微小偏转下的运动方程。通过有理函数拟合颤振导数,得到桥梁颤振的时域自激力,并建立了考虑陀螺稳定器的桥梁颤振分析数学模型。在此基础上,选取陀螺稳定器质量为大带东桥等效质量的0.06%,开展了桥梁—陀螺耦合系统的时域分析。计算结果表明:陀螺稳定器对主梁弯扭模态的抑振效果随转速增加而提升。时程曲线分析表明:陀螺转速增加后,主梁位移在原颤振临界风速附近呈现衰减趋势,系统颤振稳定性显著提高,颤振频率相应增加,当转速达到3000 rpm时,系统颤振临界风速提升约50.1%,颤振频率提升约26.8%。通过复模态分析表明:在质量不变的情况下,陀螺稳定器主要通过增强系统扭转刚度抑制颤振。

     

    Abstract: Flutter stability is a critical indicator of wind resistance in long-span bridges and presents a significant technical challenge in the design and construction of ultra-long-span bridges. Inspired by offshore engineering, this study investigates the use of anti-overturning and self-stabilizing characteristics of gyroscopic stabilizers to suppress bridge flutter, and proposes a time-domain analysis method for the bridge-gyroscope coupling system. Taking the Great Belt East Bridge as a project background, the motion equations of a biaxial gyroscopic stabilizer under small deflections were derived based on a three-dimensional coordinate system. The flutter derivatives were fitted using rational functions to obtain the time-domain self-excited forces associated with bridge flutter. This led to the development of a mathematical model for flutter analysis that incorporates the gyroscopic stabilizer. With the stabilizer mass set to be 0.06% of the equivalent mass of the bridge, a time-domain analysis of the bridge-gyroscope coupling system was conducted. The results indicate that the stabilizer's effectiveness in suppressing vibrations in the main beam's bending-torsion mode increases with rotational speeds. Time-history analysis reveals that with the increase of gyroscope speeds, the displacement of the main beam shows a decaying trend near the original flutter critical wind speed, thereby significantly improving the system stability and increasing the flutter frequency. At 3000 RPM, the system's flutter critical wind speed increases by approximately 50.1%, while the flutter frequency rises by 26.8%. It is demonstrated through complex modal analysis that the gyroscopic stabilizer controls flutter by enhancing the system's torsional stiffness.

     

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