冲击射流流场统计量自相似性研究

SELF-SIMILARITY STUDY ON STATISTICAL QUANTITIES OF THE FLOW FIELD IN AN IMPINGING JET

  • 摘要: 采用二维粒子图像测速技术测量了冲击射流轴对称面上的瞬时流场。基于不同射流雷诺数和冲击距下的实验数据,研究了冲击区和壁面射流区流场统计量在不同尺度参数无量纲下的自相似性,并提出了相应的经验模型。研究结果表明,冲击区紊动统计量(包括紊动强度和雷诺切应力)在传统尺度参数无量纲下未表现出自相似性,为此提出以紊动统计量自身的混合长度尺度作为特征尺度,成功实现该区域紊动统计量的自相似性;在径向时均速度尺度参数无量纲下,壁面射流区紊动统计量自相似性起始位置与射流雷诺数及冲击距密切相关,进而澄清了径向时均速度尺度参数能否作为紊动统计量自相似性无量纲尺度的争议;此外,研究还发现,壁面射流区紊动统计量自相似性的适宜无量纲尺度为其自身的局部峰值和外层半宽值;最后,根据流场统计量自相似性结果,分别提出了时均速度、轴向/径向紊动强度及雷诺切应力分布在冲击区和壁面射流区的经验模型。其中,模型在冲击区的预测精度分别为±10%、±15%、±15%和±30%,在壁面射流区的预测精度分别为±5%、±15%、±10%和±15%。

     

    Abstract: The instantaneous flow field on the axisymmetric plane of an impinging jet is measured using two-dimensional particle image velocimetry (PIV). Utilizing experimental data across varying jet Reynolds numbers and impingement distances, this study investigates the self-similarity of flow statistics in both the impingement region and the wall jet region through various scaling parameters and develops corresponding empirical models. The results indicate that the turbulent quantities (e.g., turbulence intensity and Reynolds shear stress) in the impingement region lack self-similarity when normalized with conventional scaling parameters. To address this, a mixed-length scale derived from the turbulent quantities themselves is proposed as a characteristic length scale for non-dimensionalization. This approach achieves self-similarity of the turbulence quantities in the impingement region. For the wall jet region, the onset of self-similarity of turbulent quantities under radial time-averaged velocity scaling is strongly dependent on both the jet Reynolds number and the impingement distance. This finding clarifies the debate over whether the radial time-averaged velocity is a valid dimensionless scaling parameter for the self-similarity of turbulent statistics. Moreover, further analysis identifies the appropriate dimensionless scaling for turbulence quantities in the wall jet region as their local peak values and outer-layer half-widths. Finally, the empirical models are developed for the time-averaged velocity, axial/radial turbulence intensity and Reynolds shear stress distributions in both the impingement region and the wall jet region, based on the identified self-similarity characteristics. These models achieve prediction accuracies of ±10%, ±15%, ±15% and ±30% in the impingement region, and ±5%, ±15%, ±10% and ±15% in the wall jet region, respectively.

     

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