泡沫铝填充薄壁铝合金多胞板与单胞板吸能性能研究

李显辉; 李文博; 朱翔; 王蕊; 杜永峰; 李铁英

doi:10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2022.08.0715

泡沫铝填充薄壁铝合金多胞板与单胞板吸能性能研究

doi: 10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2022.08.0715

李显辉^1,,
李文博^2,,
朱翔^3, ,,
王蕊^1,,
杜永峰^2,,
李铁英^1,

1.
太原理工大学土木工程学院，山西，太原 030024
2.
兰州理工大学防震减灾研究所，甘肃，兰州 730050
3.
山西大学电力与建筑学院，山西，太原 030031

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(51778276，11802166)；山西省科技厅应用基础研究计划项目(202103021223022)；山西省教育厅高校科技创新项目(2020L0052)

详细信息

作者简介:
李显辉(1988−)，男，山西人，博士生，主要从事结构抗冲击研究(E-mail: 776502212@qq.com)

李文博(1996−)，男，甘肃人，硕士生，主要从事结构抗冲击研究(E-mail: 2253124189@qq.com)

王　蕊(1979−)，女，山西人，教授，博士，博导，主要从事结构抗冲击研究(E-mail: wangrui@tyut.edu.cn)

杜永峰(1962−)，男，甘肃人，教授，博士，博导，主要从事结构工程与工程抗震研究(E-mail: dooyf@lut.cn)

李铁英(1968−)，男，山西人，教授，博士，博导，从事结构工程、建筑结构抗震及古建筑结构研究(E-mail: lty680412@163.com)

通讯作者:
朱　翔(1987−)，男，甘肃人，副教授，博士，主要从事结构抗冲击、抗连续倒塌及抗震研究(E-mail: zhuxiang@sxu.edu.cn)

中图分类号: TG146.2+1
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- HTML全文浏览量: 46
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-19
- 修回日期: 2022-10-10
- 录用日期: 2022-10-14
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-29
- 刊出日期: 2023-11-25

STUDY ON ENERGY ABSORPTION PERFORMANCE OF THIN-WALLED ALUMINUM ALLOY MULTI-CELL PLATE (MCP) AND SINGLE-CELL PLATE (SCP) FILLED WITH ALUMINUM FOAM

LI Xian-hui^1
,,
LI Wen-bo^2
,,
ZHU Xiang^{3
, ,},
WANG Rui^1
,,
DU Yong-feng^2
,,
LI Tie-ying^1
,

1.
College of Civil Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China
2.
Institute of Earthquake Prevention and Disaster Reduction, Lanzhou University of technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
3.
School of Electric Power, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究泡沫铝填充薄壁铝合金多胞板(MCP)与单胞板(SCP)的吸能能力，该文设计了6种不同截面的泡沫铝填充薄壁铝合金多胞板与1种单胞板，并基于非线性有限元软件LS-DYNA建立了相应的数值模型。对经典铝合金板耐撞击试验及泡沫铝夹芯板耐撞击试验进行了数值模拟，分析表明该数值模型能较好的模拟泡沫铝夹芯板在冲击过程中的撞击力、挠度和变形形态。基于此模型对比研究了不同因素下多胞板与单胞板的吸能特性，分析了其破坏模式和吸能机理，最后通过正交试验的方法分析了不同因素下的吸能效率以及多胞板最优截面类型的选取。结果表明：在面外冲击作用下，泡沫铝填充薄壁铝合金板的破坏模式为对称圆锥式破坏，冲击力-位移曲线和变形图显示其变形过程分为两个阶段：弹塑性变形阶段和回弹阶段；在发生相同位移时，18种不同参数的多胞板，其吸收的总能量(E)和比吸能(SEA)相对于单胞板都提高了400%以上，是一种更具吸能特性的板，可广泛应用于防护工程。
- 多胞板 /
- 落锤冲击 /
- 破坏模式 /
- 吸能特性 /
- 最优截面
Abstract: To study the energy absorption capacity of different aluminum foam-filled thin-walled aluminum alloy multi-cell plate (MCP) and single-cell plate (SCP), six kinds of aluminum foam-filled thin-wall aluminum alloy multi-cell plate and one kind of single-cell plate were designed in this study, and the numerical models of MCP and SCP were established upon nonlinear finite element software LS-DYNA. The impact resistance test of the classic aluminum alloy plate and the impact resistance test of the aluminum foam sandwich plate are simulated numerically. The analysis shows that: the numerical model established can better simulate the impact force, the deflection and deformation of the aluminum foam sandwich plate during the impact process. Based on this model, the energy absorption characteristics of aluminum foam-filled thin-walled aluminum alloy MCP and SCP under different factors were compared and studied, and the failure mode and energy absorption mechanism were analyzed. Finally, the energy absorption efficiency under different factors and the selection of optimal section type of multi-cell plate were analyzed by orthogonal tests. The results show that the failure mode of aluminum foam-filled thin-wall aluminum alloy plates is symmetric conical failure under out-of-plane impact. Both structures have two stages: elastic-plastic deformation stage and spring-back stage. Under the same displacement, the total energy (E) and specific energy absorption (SEA) of the MCP with 18 different parameters are increased by more than 400% compared with that of the SCP, which is a plate with more energy absorption characteristics and can be widely used in protection engineering.
- multi-cell plate /
- drop-hammer impact /
- failure mode /
- energy absorption characteristics /
- optimal cross section

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图 1 单胞板(SCP)和多胞板(MCP)示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of single-cell plate (SCP) and multi-cell plate (MCP)

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图 2 落锤冲击泡沫铝填充薄壁铝合金板的有限元模型

Figure 2. Finite element model of aluminum foam filled thin-walled aluminum alloy plate impacted by drop weight

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图 3 铝合金的应力-应变关系曲线^[24]

Figure 3. Stress-strain relationship curve of aluminum alloy^[24]

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图 4 泡沫铝的应力-应变关系曲线^[24]

Figure 4. Stress-strain relationship curve of aluminum foam^[24]

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图 5 试验与模拟的变形对比图

Figure 5. Comparison of deformation diagram between experimental and simulated

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图 6 试验与数值模拟跨中挠度曲线对比

Figure 6. Comparison of mid-span deflection curve between test and numerical simulation

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图 7 泡沫铝的应力-应变关系曲线

Figure 7. Stress-strain relationship curve of aluminum foam

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图 8 试验与模拟的变形模态对比

Figure 8. Comparison of experimental and simulated deformation modes

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图 9 数值模拟与试验的相关曲线对比

Figure 9. Comparison of correlation curves between numerical simulation and test

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图 10 泡沫铝填充薄壁铝合金单胞板与多胞板的破坏模式对比图

Figure 10. Contrast diagram of failure modes of thin-walled aluminum foam-filled single-cell plate (SCP) and multi-cell plate (MCP)

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图 11 不同截面形状下多胞构件的冲击力-位移曲线

Figure 11. Impact force-displacement curves of multi-cell members under different cross-section shapes

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图 12 不同壁厚下单胞板SCP和多胞板MCP6的冲击力时程曲线

Figure 12. The impact force time-history curves of SCP and MCP6 under different wall thicknesses

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图 13 不同壁厚下单胞板SCP和多胞板MCP6冲击载荷曲线

Figure 13. Impact load curves of SCP and MCP6 under different wall thicknesses

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图 14 不同冲击速度下单胞板SCP和多胞板MCP6冲击载荷曲线

Figure 14. Impact load curves of SCP and MCP6 under different impact velocity

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图 15 MCP6与SCP的能量对比

Figure 15. Comparison of energy between MCP6 and SCP

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图 16 多胞板和单胞板中的泡沫铝和空心铝板的内能关系

Figure 16. Internal energy relationship between foamed aluminum and hollow aluminum plates in multi-cell and single-cell components

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图 17 不同厚度下MCP和SCP能量与位移关系

Figure 17. Relationship between energy and displacement of MCP and SCP under different thicknesses

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图 18 不同速度下MCP和SCP能量与位移关系

Figure 18. Relationship between energy and displacement of MCP and SCP at different speeds

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图 19 不同厚度下MCP和SCP的SEA与位移关系

Figure 19. The relationship between SEA and displacement of MCP and SCP with different thickness

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表 1 试件的几何尺寸

Table 1. Geometric dimensions of the specimen

试件编号	冲击速度/(m/s)	a/mm	b/mm	试件质量/g
SCP	5/6.5/8	10	2980.00	1289.62
		15	2970.00	1450.97
		20	2960.00	1663.20
MCP1	5/6.5/8	10	363.75	1379.69
		15	358.13	1571.01
		20	352.50	1629.55
MCP2	5/6.5/8	10	372.50	1489.07
		15	371.25	1682.65
		20	370.00	1734.93
MCP3	5/6.5/8	10	993.33	1360.39
		15	990.00	1554.03
		20	986.67	1607.75
MCP4	5/6.5/8	10	175.29	1419.50
		15	174.71	1689.01
		20	174.12	1738.41
MCP5	5/6.5/8	10	270.91	1368.45
		15	270.00	1422.54
		20	269.09	1617.40
MCP6	5/6.5/8	10	425.71	1489.21
		15	424.29	1823.11
		20	422.86	2007.11
注：a表示空心薄壁铝合金板厚度和不同截面形式的内支撑厚度； b表示两个内支撑中轴线之间短边长度。

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表 2 试验值与模拟值对比

Table 2. Comparison of experimental and simulated values

试件编号	板厚 /mm	冲击速度 /(m/s)	跨中挠度/mm		相对误差/(%)
试件编号	板厚 /mm	冲击速度 /(m/s)	模拟值	试验值	相对误差/(%)
3UC-BH-05-1	3	9.02	−18.78	−19.47	3.54
5UC-BH-03-1	5	12.31	−18.38	−18.70	1.71
6UC-BH-02-1	6	13.22	−17.90	−18.16	1.43

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表 3 多胞构件和单胞构件中各组分吸收的能量及能量百分比

Table 3. Energy and energy percentage absorbed by each component in multi-cell and single-cell components

试件名称	v/(m·s⁻¹)	E_K/kJ	E_P/kJ	E_APP/kJ	E_AFPP/kJ	百分占比
试件名称	v/(m·s⁻¹)	E_K/kJ	E_P/kJ	E_APP/kJ	E_AFPP/kJ	E_P/E_K	E_APP/E_P	E_AFPP/E_P
SCP	5.00	185	139	110	29.00	0.75	0.79	0.21
	6.50	312	249	173	76.00	0.80	0.69	0.31
	8.00	473	329	248	81.00	0.70	0.75	0.25
MCP1	5.00	185	143	108	35.00	0.77	0.76	0.24
	6.50	313	257	203	54.00	0.82	0.79	0.21
	8.00	473	402	329	73.00	0.85	0.82	0.18
MCP2	5.00	185	159	147	12.00	0.86	0.92	0.08
	6.50	313	281	261	20.00	0.90	0.93	0.07
	8.00	473	439	408	31.00	0.93	0.93	0.07
MCP3	5.00	186	148	141	7.00	0.80	0.95	0.05
	6.50	314	265	253	12.00	0.84	0.95	0.05
	8.00	475	415	396	19.00	0.87	0.95	0.05
MCP4	5.00	185	148	142	6.00	0.80	0.96	0.04
	6.50	313	263	252	11.00	0.84	0.96	0.04
	8.00	473	411	394	17.00	0.87	0.96	0.04
MCP5	5.00	185	150	138	12.00	0.81	0.92	0.08
	6.50	313	263	247	16.00	0.84	0.94	0.06
	8.00	473	409	384	25.00	0.86	0.94	0.06
MCP6	5.00	185	146	137	9.00	0.79	0.94	0.06
	6.50	313	260	245	15.00	0.83	0.94	0.06
	8.00	473	405	385	20.00	0.86	0.95	0.05
注：E_K为总动能；E_P为塑性变形能；E_AFPP为泡沫铝的塑性变形能；E_APP为空心铝板的塑性变形能

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表 4 多胞板MCP和单胞板SCP的吸能对比

Table 4. Comparison of energy absorption between MCP and SCP

编号	厚度/mm	速度/(m·s⁻¹)	试件	质量m/g	总吸能E/J	能量提高率/(%)	比吸能SEA/(J·kg⁻¹)	SEA提高率/(%)
1	10	5.0	MCP1	1379.34	17226.94	754	12.49	699
2	10	5.0	MCP2	1489.07	58438.03	2799	39.24	2410
3	10	6.5	MCP3	1360.39	25169.78	886	18.50	834
4	10	6.5	MCP4	1419.50	53494.62	1995	37.69	1803
5	10	8.0	MCP5	1368.45	31861.91	931	23.28	871
6	10	8.0	MCP6	1489.21	48825.69	1479	32.79	1268
7	15	5.0	MCP6	1823.11	57696.66	1606	31.65	1258
8	15	5.0	MCP5	1422.54	46335.60	1270	32.57	1298
9	15	6.5	MCP1	1571.42	33 573.85	678	21.37	618
10	15	6.5	MCP2	1684.65	91 468.59	2020	54.30	1726
11	15	8.0	MCP4	1689.01	69 991.51	1233	41.44	1045
12	15	8.0	MCP3	1554.03	30 149.97	474	19.40	436
13	20	5.0	MCP4	1738.41	102 674.10	2464	59.06	2353
14	20	5.0	MCP3	1607.75	41 822.30	945	26.01	981
15	20	6.5	MCP5	1617.40	60 186.76	1014	37.21	1446
16	20	6.5	MCP6	2007.11	70 769.67	1210	35.26	985
17	20	8.0	MCP2	1734.93	181 267.70	2691	104.48	2576
18	20	8.0	MCP1	1629.55	51627.05	695	31.68	711
19	10	5.0	SCP	1289.62	2016.13	−	1.56	−
20	10	6.5	SCP	1289.62	2553.76	−	1.98	−
21	10	8.0	SCP	1289.62	3091.40	−	2.40	−
22	15	5.0	SCP	1450.97	3381.44	−	2.33	−
23	15	6.5	SCP	1450.97	4315.22	−	2.97	−
24	15	8.0	SCP	1450.97	5249.01	−	3.62	−
25	20	5.0	SCP	1663.20	4003.96	−	2.41	−
26	20	6.5	SCP	1663.20	5404.06	−	3.25	−
27	20	8.0	SCP	1663.20	6494.06	−	3.90	−

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