EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF STEEL-REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS UNDER COMPRESSION-FLEXURE-SHEAR-TORSION COMBINED ACTIONS
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摘要: 为研究型钢混凝土(SRC)柱在压弯剪扭复合受力状态下的抗震性能，以截面尺寸、型钢含钢率、纵筋配筋率、体积配箍率和栓钉位置为变化参数，完成了12根型钢混凝土柱和1根钢筋混凝土(RC)对比柱的压弯剪扭低周反复试验。观察了试件在复合受扭状态下的破坏形态，对比分析了各试件的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化、耗能及延性性能。结果表明：在压弯剪扭受力状态下，所有试件均发生弯扭破坏；荷载-柱顶位移滞回曲线呈饱满的梭形，扭矩-扭转角曲线为捏拢的“S”形；增大截面尺寸和配筋率可有效提高SRC柱的抗扭和抗弯承载力；峰值荷载前，抗扭刚度的退化速率明显快于抗弯刚度的退化速率，增大型钢含钢率和配筋率可延缓SRC柱的刚度退化；SRC柱的抗弯耗能能力优于抗扭耗能能力，扭转延性大于弯曲延性；与方形截面相比，矩形截面具有更好的扭转变形能力；在工字钢翼缘上焊接栓钉可有效提高SRC柱的抗震性能；根据现行规范和试验数据，提出SRC柱构造设计的相关建议和扭转耗能退化的经验公式。Abstract: In order to reveal the seismic behavior of steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) columns under compression-flexure-shear-torsion combined actions, twelve SRC columns and one reinforced concrete(RC) column were tested by comprehensively considering the cross-sectional dimension of the column, the steel ratio, the reinforcement ratio, the stirrup ratio and, the welded stud location. The failure characteristics of specimens under composite torsional conditions were observed, and the influence of different parameters on the seismic indexes of SRC columns were analyzed, such as hysteric curve, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation and ductility. The test results indicate that the failure patterns of specimens mainly appear as the bending-torsion composite failure occurs. The load - displacement hysteric curves present full spindle shapes, and the torque-torsion angle curves are in “S” shapes with obvious pinching. The torsional and flexural bearing capacity of SRC columns can be effectively improved by increasing the section size or reinforcing ratio. Before the peak load, the degradation rate of torsional stiffness is significantly faster than that of flexural stiffness and, increasing the steel ratio and reinforcement ratio can delay the degradation of SRC column stiffness. The bending energy dissipation capacity of SRC columns is better than the torsional energy dissipation capacity, and the torsional ductility is greater than the bending ductility. SRC columns with rectangular cross-sections have better torsional deformation capacity than those with square cross-sections. Welding studs on I - shaped steel flanges can effectively improve the seismic behavior of SRC columns. According to the current seismic code and test data, some suggestions of structural measures of SRC columns and empirical formula of torsional energy degradation are put forward.
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图 2 加载装置
注：1—反力墙；2—压梁；3—主动作动器；4—从动作动器；5—反力钢架；6—滑轨；7—液压千斤顶；8—复合球铰；9—试件。
Figure 2. Loading system
图 9 等效粘滞阻尼系数计算简图
Figure 9. Calculation model of equivalent viscous damping coefficient
图 10 试验参数对等效粘滞阻尼系数的影响
Figure 10. Influence of test parameters on equivalent viscous damping coefficient
表 1 试件设计参数
Table 1. Design parameters of specimens
试件编号 轴压比n 扭弯比γ b×h/mm 工字钢 纵筋 箍筋 含钢率ρss/(%) 配筋率ρs/(%) 配箍率ρv/(%) 栓钉位置 RC-1 0.3 0.21 300×300 − 8 
− 1.37 0.84 无 SRC-1 0.3 0.21 300×300 I16 8 2.90 1.37 0.84 无 SRC-2 0.3 0.21 250×250 I14 8 3.44 1.97 1.06 无 SRC-3 0.3 0.21 300×250 I16 8 3.48 1.64 0.95 无 SRC-4 0.3 0.21 300×300 I14 8 2.39 1.37 0.84 无 SRC-5 0.3 0.21 300×300 I18 8 3.42 1.37 0.84 无 SRC-6 0.3 0.21 300×300 I16 8 2.90 1.00 0.84 无 SRC-7 0.3 0.21 300×300 I16 8 2.90 2.26 0.84 无 SRC-8 0.3 0.21 300×300 I16 8 2.90 2.79 0.84 无 SRC-9 0.3 0.21 300×300 I16 8 2.90 1.37 1.35 无 SRC-10 0.3 0.21 300×300 I16 8 2.90 1.37 0.56 无 SRC-11 0.3 0.21 300×300 I16 8 3.18 1.37 0.84 翼缘 SRC-12 0.3 0.21 300×300 I16 8 3.52 1.37 0.84 翼缘和腹板 
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表 2 钢材力学性能测试结果
Table 2. Mechanical performance indices of steel
钢材类型 屈服强度fy
/MPa极限强度fu
/MPa弹性模量Es
/(×105 MPa)I18 273.89 381.40 2.03 I16 318.04 443.32 2.06 I14 326.59 438.57 2.02 335.41 490.20 2.03 435.50 626.70 1.98 482.26 641.68 1.96 443.30 652.81 1.98 397.35 592.17 1.98
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表 3 试件的特征点参数
Table 3. character parameters of specimens
试件编号 屈服点 峰值点 破坏点 延性 Py/kN Δy/mm Ty/(kN·m) θy/(°) Pu/kN Δu/mm Tu/(kN·m) θu/(°) Pf/kN Δf/mm Tf/(kN·m) θf/(°) μ∆ μθ RC-1 正向 130.8 9.1 34.7 0.11 161.8 13.1 41.9 0.17 137.6 16.0 35.6 0.31 1.76 2.82 反向 116.4 9.4 30.3 0.17 156.7 13.1 36.3 0.27 133.2 18.3 30.9 0.35 1.95 2.06 均值 123.6 9.3 32.5 0.14 159.3 13.1 39.1 0.22 135.4 17.2 33.3 0.33 1.85 2.36 SRC-1 正向 151.2 8.5 33.7 0.12 176.6 17.5 40.7 0.26 150.1 23.3 34.6 0.42 2.74 3.50 反向 175.7 9.3 39.0 0.17 206.2 18.4 43.5 0.48 175.3 29.5 37.0 0.51 3.17 3.00 均值 163.5 8.9 36.3 0.15 191.4 18.0 42.1 0.37 162.7 26.4 35.8 0.47 2.96 3.25 SRC-2 正向 93.7 8.5 14.2 0.09 109.8 13.1 16.6 0.26 93.3 22.1 14.1 0.35 2.60 3.89 反向 135.8 8.9 23.2 0.20 158.4 12.2 28.4 0.39 142.6 25.5 24.2 0.40 2.86 2.00 均值 114.8 8.7 18.7 0.15 134.1 12.6 22.5 0.33 118.0 23.8 19.1 0.38 2.73 2.95 SRC-3 正向 145.0 7.5 26.2 0.08 171.7 13.0 29.4 0.17 146.0 22.1 26.8 0.52 2.95 6.50 反向 149.6 9.5 24.6 0.11 181.0 17.4 28.3 0.26 153.8 24.2 24.9 0.52 2.55 4.73 均值 147.3 8.5 25.4 0.10 176.4 15.2 28.8 0.22 149.9 23.2 25.8 0.52 2.75 5.62 SRC-4 正向 161.8 6.9 33.1 0.09 196.1 13.1 38.1 0.16 166.7 22.6 32.4 0.44 3.28 4.89 反向 162.7 7.3 33.2 0.10 186.7 17.4 38.0 0.17 158.7 24.4 32.3 0.35 3.34 3.50 均值 162.3 7.1 33.1 0.10 191.4 15.2 38.0 0.17 162.7 23.5 32.3 0.40 3.31 4.20 SRC-5 正向 137.6 7.7 32.3 0.09 166.4 13.1 35.9 0.34 141.4 27.5 30.5 0.47 3.58 5.22 反向 168.1 10.8 34.9 0.14 202.1 21.9 39.2 0.34 182.5 29.7 33.3 0.47 2.75 3.36 均值 152.9 9.3 33.6 0.12 184.3 17.5 37.5 0.34 162.0 28.6 31.9 0.47 3.17 4.29 SRC-6 正向 154.4 7.4 27.9 0.10 185.1 13.1 33.9 0.26 157.4 21.2 28.8 0.52 2.86 5.20 反向 170.3 8.1 31.3 0.08 206.2 13.0 33.8 0.30 175.3 21.4 28.7 0.33 2.64 4.13 均值 162.4 7.8 29.6 0.09 195.7 13.1 33.8 0.28 166.4 21.3 28.8 0.43 2.75 4.67 SRC-7 正向 167.2 9.3 23.2 0.10 206.2 18.0 27.9 0.26 175.6 27.7 23.7 0.30 2.98 3.00 反向 184.3 10.4 24.6 0.07 220.9 17.8 27.4 0.11 190.6 27.9 23.3 0.28 2.69 4.00 均值 175.8 9.9 23.9 0.09 213.6 17.9 27.6 0.19 183.1 27.8 23.5 0.29 2.84 3.50 SRC-8 正向 199.1 8.3 38.5 0.15 233.3 17.3 48.0 0.28 198.3 29.2 40.8 0.44 3.51 2.93 反向 177.9 8.4 30.0 0.10 212.3 17.3 31.4 0.13 180.4 24.3 26.7 0.42 2.89 4.20 均值 188.5 8.4 34.2 0.13 222.8 17.3 39.7 0.21 189.4 26.7 33.8 0.43 3.20 3.57 SRC-9 正向 140.1 7.1 25.1 0.09 168.5 13.0 30.2 0.17 143.2 24.4 25.7 0.40 3.44 4.44 反向 171.2 9.9 27.4 0.09 211.7 25.6 30.7 0.17 180.0 32.9 26.2 0.69 3.33 7.67 均值 155.7 8.5 26.2 0.09 190.1 19.3 30.5 0.17 161.6 28.7 25.9 0.55 3.39 6.06 SRC-10 正向 138.3 8.6 33.4 0.08 164.8 17.2 37.4 0.26 140.1 22.7 31.8 0.46 2.64 5.75 反向 171.9 8.9 30.9 0.11 207.2 17.0 33.2 0.25 176.1 22.7 28.2 0.37 2.55 3.36 均值 155.1 8.8 32.2 0.10 186.0 17.1 35.3 0.26 158.1 22.7 30.0 0.42 2.60 4.56 SRC-11 正向 170.0 7.30 36.5 0.09 197.5 17.0 41.8 0.18 167.5 28.1 35.5 0.49 3.85 5.44 反向 160.8 7.90 35.0 0.13 186.7 14.4 39.9 0.34 158.3 23.1 33.9 0.59 2.92 4.54 均值 165.4 7.60 35.8 0.11 192.1 15.7 40.9 0.26 162.9 25.6 34.7 0.54 3.39 4.99 SRC-12 正向 147.5 7.70 27.6 0.15 178.3 13.0 33.6 0.35 151.7 23.1 28.6 0.57 3.00 3.80 反向 173.3 9.10 34.0 0.12 207.5 17.1 37.9 0.26 175.8 29.2 32.3 0.61 3.21 5.08 均值 160.4 8.40 30.8 0.14 192.9 15.1 35.8 0.31 163.8 26.1 30.5 0.59 3.10 4.44
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表 4 试件的层间位移角
Table 4. The interlayer displacement angle of the specimens
试件编号 Δcr/He Δy/He Δu/He Δf/He RC-1 1/885 1/130 1/92 1/70 SRC-1 1/923 1/134 1/67 1/45 SRC-2 1/820 1/118 1/81 1/43 SRC-3 1/923 1/141 1/79 1/52 SRC-4 1/632 1/169 1/79 1/51 SRC-5 1/1043 1/130 1/69 1/42 SRC-6 1/1412 1/155 1/92 1/56 SRC-7 1/1200 1/122 1/67 1/43 SRC-8 1/960 1/144 1/69 1/45 SRC-9 1/857 1/142 1/62 1/42 SRC-10 1/727 1/137 1/70 1/53 SRC-11 1/1500 1/158 1/76 1/47 SRC-12 1/1091 1/143 1/80 1/46
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